---
title: When she was returning he shouted: “Let all the black cattle which h… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: When she was returning he shouted: “Let all the black cattle which have white teeth be killed. Who acts: sister, Hlakanyana, black cattle. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 414

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When she was returning he shouted: “Let all the black cattle which have white teeth be killed.

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**Who acts:** sister, Hlakanyana, black cattle · **What happens:** return, shout, let, have, kill · **To what, where:** black cattle, white teeth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sister, Hlakanyana, black cattle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:10:414
# text = When she was returning he shouted: “Let all the black cattle which have white teeth be killed.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	returning	return	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	13	det:predet	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past · progressive | sister |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | Hlakanyana |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | all black cattle |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme |
| 4 | **have** *in a quote* | present | all black cattle | white teeth |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |
| 5 | **kill** *in a quote* | infinitive · passive |  | white teeth *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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