---
title: Hlakanyana said: “As that is so, give me the bones, for you who are… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Hlakanyana said: “As that is so, give me the bones, for you who are the wife of the chief will not eat from the same pot with a dog.” Who acts: Hlakanyana, that, you, chief. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 81

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Hlakanyana said: “As that is so, give me the bones, for you who are the wife of the chief will not eat from the same pot with a dog.”

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**Who acts:** Hlakanyana, that, you, chief · **What happens:** say, be, give, not eat · **To what, where:** bones, Hlakanyana, same pot · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana, that, you, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:10:81
# text = Hlakanyana said: “As that is so, give me the bones, for you who are the wife of the chief will not eat from the same pot with a dog.”
1	Hlakanyana	Hlakanyana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
4	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
11	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	iobj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
17	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	_
21	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
24	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
26	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Hlakanyana |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | that |  |  |  |  | so *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **give** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | the bones | Hlakanyana |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient bone=Theme |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  | for the wife; who *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **eat** *in a quote* | future | the chief |  |  | the same pot with a dog |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from pot=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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