---
title: They went to live in a cave that had two holes to let in air and lig… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: They went to live in a cave that had two holes to let in air and light, the entrance to which was protected by a very strong door, with a fastening inside. Who acts: Demane, cave, strong door. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana., with its depend
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Demane and Demazana., sentence 3

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They went to live in a cave that had two holes to let in air and light, the entrance to which was protected by a very strong door, with a fastening inside.

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**Who acts:** Demane, cave, strong door · **What happens:** go, live, have, let in, protect · **To what, where:** cave, two holes, air

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Demane, cave, strong door), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:11:3
# text = They went to live in a cave that had two holes to let in air and light, the entrance to which was protected by a very strong door, with a fastening inside.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	entrance	entrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	obl	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	protected	protect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl:relcl	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
27	very	very	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	fastening	fastening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	parataxis	_	_
34	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Demane |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **live** | to-infinitive | Demane *not said here* |  |  | a cave |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location |
| 3 | **have** | past | a cave | two holes |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Patient |
| 4 | **let in** | to-infinitive | a cave *not said here* | air and light and the entrance |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |
| 5 | **protect** | past · passive | a strong door |  |  |  |  | to the entrance; a fastening *parataxis* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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