---
title: A cannibal smelt the flesh cooking, and went to the cave, but found… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: A cannibal smelt the flesh cooking, and went to the cave, but found the door fastened. Who acts: cannibal smelt, door. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Demane and Demazana., sentence 7

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A cannibal smelt the flesh cooking, and went to the cave, but found the door fastened.

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**Who acts:** cannibal smelt, door · **What happens:** go, find, fasten · **To what, where:** cave · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cannibal smelt, door), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:11:7
# text = A cannibal smelt the flesh cooking, and went to the cave, but found the door fastened.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cannibal	cannibal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	smelt	smelt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	cooking	cooking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | a cannibal smelt  the flesh cooking |  |  | the cave |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to cave=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **find** | past | a cannibal smelt  the flesh cooking *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **fasten** | past | the door |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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