---
title: When Ironside reached the town, a mat was brought to him and spread… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: When Ironside reached the town, a mat was brought to him and spread in front of his sister’s house; but after a time he was allowed to go inside, still covered with mud. Who acts: Ironside, town. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Ironside and His Sister., with its dep
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Ironside and His Sister., sentence 31

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When Ironside reached the town, a mat was brought to him and spread in front of his sister’s house; but after a time he was allowed to go inside, still covered with mud.

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**Who acts:** Ironside, town · **What happens:** reach, bring, spread, allow, go, cover · **To what, where:** town, mat, Ironside, front

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Ironside and His Sister.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ironside, town), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:13:31
# text = When Ironside reached the town, a mat was brought to him and spread in front of his sister’s house; but after a time he was allowed to go inside, still covered with mud.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	3	mark	_	_
2	Ironside	Ironside	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mat	mat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	’s	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
24	after	after	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	xcomp	_	_
32	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	still	still	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	conj	_	_
36	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | Ironside | the town |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent town=Theme |
| 2 | **bring** | past · passive | the town *not said here* | a mat | Ironside |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to he=Destination |
| 3 | **spread** | past | the town *not said here* |  |  | front of Ironside's sister's house |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in front=Location |
| 4 | **allow** | past · passive |  | Ironside |  |  | time |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **go** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Ironside *not said here* |  |  |  |  | inside *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  | still | with mud | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with mud=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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