---
title: He said: “You must leave at such a time that you may arrive there in… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: He said: “You must leave at such a time that you may arrive there in the evening, so that your mother may not see you, only your father.” Who acts: grandfather, You, time, mother. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Cannibal Mother and Her Children., with its de
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Cannibal Mother and Her Children., sentence 8

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He said: “You must leave at such a time that you may arrive there in the evening, so that your mother may not see you, only your father.”

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**Who acts:** grandfather, You, time, mother · **What happens:** say, leave, arrive, not see · **To what, where:** you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Cannibal Mother and Her Children.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grandfather, You, time, mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:15:8
# text = He said: “You must leave at such a time that you may arrive there in the evening, so that your mother may not see you, only your father.”
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
4	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	11	det:predet	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	arrive	arrive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
21	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	27	mark	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
25	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
26	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
27	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
28	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	only	only	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
31	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | grandfather |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **leave** *in a quote* | must | You |  |  |  | time |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **arrive** *in a quote* | may | such time |  |  | there | evening | you *nsubj* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **see** *in a quote* | may | your mother | you |  |  |  | your father *parataxis* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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