---
title: After a time one of the men of that kraal married the mbulu, and the… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: After a time one of the men of that kraal married the mbulu, and the real girl was sent to the gardens to drive the birds away from the corn. Who acts: men. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl and the Mbulu., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl and the Mbulu., sentence 25

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a time one of the men of that kraal married the mbulu, and the real girl was sent to the gardens to drive the birds away from the corn.

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**Who acts:** men · **What happens:** marry, send, drive · **To what, where:** mbulu, real girl, gardens, birds

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl and the Mbulu.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:16:25
# text = After a time one of the men of that kraal married the mbulu, and the real girl was sent to the gardens to drive the birds away from the corn.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	kraal	kraal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	married	marry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	mbulu	mbulu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	gardens	garden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
28	away	away	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **marry** | past | the men of that kraal | the mbulu |  |  | after one  a time |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mbulu=Patient |
| 2 | **send** | past · passive |  | the real girl |  | the gardens |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to garden=Destination |
| 3 | **drive** | to-infinitive |  | the birds |  |  |  | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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