--- title: Always before she went to her work she charged them not to go out, a… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics description: Always before she went to her work she charged them not to go out, and as her husband never came to see her, no one knew of the existence of these children except herself and a servant girl. Who acts: woman, husband, one, children. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/17/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kaffir folk-lore](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/) / [The Story of Mbulukazi.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/17/) / 18 # Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Mbulukazi., sentence 18 Always before she went to her work she charged them not to go out, and as her husband never came to see her, no one knew of the existence of these children except herself and a servant girl. **Who acts:** woman, husband, one, children · **What happens:** go, charge, not go out, not come, see, know · **To what, where:** work, children, woman This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Mbulukazi.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, husband, one, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg71335:17:18 # text = Always before she went to her work she charged them not to go out, and as her husband never came to see her, no one knew of the existence of these children except herself and a servant girl. 1 Always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 4 advmod _ _ 2 before before SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 3 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 charged charge VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 10 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ _ 11 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 13 advmod _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 advcl _ _ 14 out out ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 17 as as SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 18 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 husband husband NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 20 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 21 advmod _ _ 21 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 advcl _ _ 24 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 27 det _ _ 27 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 existence existence NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 34 det _ _ 34 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 35 except except ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 herself herself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 34 nmod _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 38 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 servant servant NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 compound _ _ 40 girl girl NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go** | past | woman | | | woman's work | | always *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to work=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **charge** | past | woman | children *= child* | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location they=Theme | | 3 | **not** **go out** | to-infinitive | woman *not said here* | | | | | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **not** **come** | past | woman's husband | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **see** | to-infinitive | woman's husband *not said here* | woman | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | | 6 | **know** | past | no one | | | | | of the existence of this children except woman | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of existence=Stimulus | | 7 | **work** | | woman | | | | | | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent | | 8 | **exist** | | this children except woman | | | | | | nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/17/17/) - next →: [sentence 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/17/19/) - ↑ back to [The Story of Mbulukazi.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/17/)