---
title: The pretty girl’s name was Mbulukazi, which name was given to her be… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: The pretty girl’s name was Mbulukazi, which name was given to her because her handsome dress was made of the skin of a mbulu. Who acts: name, pretty girl. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Mbulukazi., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Mbulukazi., sentence 39

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The pretty girl’s name was Mbulukazi, which name was given to her because her handsome dress was made of the skin of a mbulu.

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**Who acts:** name, pretty girl · **What happens:** be, give, make, name · **To what, where:** Mbulukazi, name, girl, handsome dress

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Mbulukazi.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, pretty girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:17:39
# text = The pretty girl’s name was Mbulukazi, which name was given to her because her handsome dress was made of the skin of a mbulu.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pretty	pretty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’s	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	Mbulukazi	Mbulukazi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	10	det	_	_
10	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
15	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	handsome	handsome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	dress	dress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	mbulu	mbulu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the pretty girl's name | Mbulukazi |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | past · passive |  | which name | girl |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to she=Recipient |
| 3 | **make** | past · passive |  | girl's handsome dress |  |  |  | of the skin of a mbulu | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 4 | **name** |  | the pretty girl |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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