---
title: So he called his two dogs, and said to the one: “Tumtumse, my dog, i… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: So he called his two dogs, and said to the one: “Tumtumse, my dog, if I kill this calf, will you imitate it and suck the eland for me?” Who acts: Tumtumse, you. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Kenkebe., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Kenkebe., sentence 68

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So he called his two dogs, and said to the one: “Tumtumse, my dog, if I kill this calf, will you imitate it and suck the eland for me?”

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**Who acts:** Tumtumse, you · **What happens:** call, say, kill, imitate, suck · **To what, where:** two dogs, one, calf, eland · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Kenkebe.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tumtumse, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:19:68
# text = So he called his two dogs, and said to the one: “Tumtumse, my dog, if I kill this calf, will you imitate it and suck the eland for me?”
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Tumtumse	tumtumse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	kill	kill	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
23	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
24	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	imitate	imitate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	suck	suck	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	conj	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	eland	eland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	for	for	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | Tumtumse |  | Tumtumse's two dogs |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent dog=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Tumtumse *not said here* |  | the one |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to one=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **kill** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | Tumtumse | this calf |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calf=Theme |
| 4 | **imitate** *in a quote* | future | you | calf |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 5 | **suck** *in a quote* | infinitive | you *not said here* | the eland |  |  |  | for Tumtumse | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent eland=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [The Story of Kenkebe.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/19/)