--- title: That good fortune may attend him,—that he may not be carried away by… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics description: That good fortune may attend him,—that he may not be carried away by the river spirit when crossing a stream,—that he may find food prepared for him where he is to rest,—that he may be successful in the business he is engaged in,—or something of the kind that he is thinking of at the time. Who acts: --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/167/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kaffir folk-lore](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/) / [Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaf…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/) / 167 # Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 167 That good fortune may attend him,—that he may not be carried away by the river spirit when crossing a stream,—that he may find food prepared for him where he is to rest,—that he may be successful in the business he is engaged in,—or something of the kind that he is thinking of at the time. **Who acts:** good fortune, river spirit, Kaffir · **What happens:** attend, not carry away, cross, find, prepare, be · **To what, where:** Kaffir, stream, food, business This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (good fortune, river spirit, Kaffir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg71335:2:167 # text = That good fortune may attend him,—that he may not be carried away by the river spirit when crossing a stream,—that he may find food prepared for him where he is to rest,—that he may be successful in the business he is engaged in,—or something of the kind that he is thinking of at the time. 1 That that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det _ _ 2 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 fortune fortune NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 attend attend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 8 — - PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 that that SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 10 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 12 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 14 advmod _ _ 13 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 carried carry VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 parataxis _ _ 15 away away ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 by by ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 spirit spirit NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 20 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 21 advmod _ _ 21 crossing cross VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 advcl _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 stream stream NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 25 — - PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 28 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl _ _ 30 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 31 prepared prepare VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 30 acl _ _ 32 for for ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ _ 34 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 38 advmod _ _ 35 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 36 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 cop _ _ 37 to to PART TO _ 38 mark _ _ 38 rest rest VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 40 — - PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 that that SCONJ IN _ 45 mark _ _ 42 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 43 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 45 aux _ _ 44 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 45 cop _ _ 45 successful successful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 conj _ _ 46 in in ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 business business NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl _ _ 49 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 50 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux:pass _ _ 51 engaged engage VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 48 acl:relcl _ _ 52 in in ADP RP _ 51 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 53 , , PUNCT , _ 56 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 54 — - PUNCT : _ 56 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 55 or or CCONJ CC _ 56 cc _ _ 56 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 48 conj _ _ 57 of of ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 58 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 59 det _ _ 59 kind kind NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 nmod _ _ 60 that that SCONJ IN _ 63 mark _ _ 61 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 63 nsubj _ _ 62 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 63 aux _ _ 63 thinking think VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 56 acl _ _ 64 of of ADP IN _ 67 case _ _ 65 at at ADP IN _ 67 case _ _ 66 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 67 det _ _ 67 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 63 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 68 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **attend** | may | that good fortune | | Kaffir | | | | vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme he=Goal | | 2 | **not** **carry away** | may · passive | the river spirit | Kaffir | | | | away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 3 | **cross** | gerund | the river spirit *not said here* | a stream | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stream=Patient | | 4 | **find** | may | Kaffir | food | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic | | 5 | **prepare** | participle | | food *not said here* | | | | for Kaffir | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for he=Beneficiary | | 6 | **is** | present | Kaffir | | | | | rest *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **is** | may | Kaffir | | | the business something of the kind | | successful *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **engage in** | present · passive | | Kaffir | | | | | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | | 9 | **think** *speech: other* | present · progressive | Kaffir | | | | time | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 166](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/166/) - next →: [sentence 168](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/168/) - ↑ back to [Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/)