---
title: In many parts of the country iron ore of excellent quality is abunda… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: In many parts of the country iron ore of excellent quality is abundant, and this they smelt (or rather did so until recently) in a simple manner. Who acts: this. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 207

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In many parts of the country iron ore of excellent quality is abundant, and this they smelt (or rather did so until recently) in a simple manner.

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**Who acts:** this · **What happens:** be, smelt, do · **To what, where:** many parts, simple manner

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:207
# text = In many parts of the country iron ore of excellent quality is abundant, and this they smelt (or rather did so until recently) in a simple manner.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	ore	ore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	excellent	excellent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	quality	quality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	abundant	abundant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	smelt	smelt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
19	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	ccomp	_	_
23	so	so	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	until	until	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	recently	recently	ADV	RB	_	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	22	punct	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | many parts of the iron ore of excellent quality |  | abundant *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **smelt** | present | this |  |  |  |  | qualities *= quality* *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | past | this *not said here* |  |  | a simple manner |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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