---
title: Owing to this, their traditional stories may have been modified to s… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Owing to this, their traditional stories may have been modified to some, though not to any great, extent A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 21

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Owing to this, their traditional stories may have been modified to some, though not to any great, extent

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**What happens:** owe, modify · **To what, where:** this, traditional stories

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:21
# text = Owing to this, their traditional stories may have been modified to some, though not to any great, extent
1	Owing	owe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	traditional	traditional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	modified	modify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	21	det	_	_
19	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	extent	extent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to this *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to this=Goal |
| 2 | **modify** | may · perfect · passive |  | roots's traditional stories |  |  |  | to some; to any great extent | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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