---
title: This metal is found in certain parts of the country, but it is now g… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: This metal is found in certain parts of the country, but it is now generally obtained in trade from Europeans. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 216

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This metal is found in certain parts of the country, but it is now generally obtained in trade from Europeans.

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**What happens:** find, obtain · **To what, where:** metal, certain parts, copper, trade

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:216
# text = This metal is found in certain parts of the country, but it is now generally obtained in trade from Europeans.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
15	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
16	generally	generally	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	obtained	obtain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Europeans	European	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present · passive |  | this metal |  | certain parts of the country |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **obtain** | present · passive |  | copper |  | trade | now | from Europeans; generally *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from european=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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