---
title: In the manufacture of wooden articles, such as spoons, bowls, fighti… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: In the manufacture of wooden articles, such as spoons, bowls, fighting sticks, pipes (since the introduction of tobacco), rests for the head when sleeping, etc., they display great skill and no little taste. Who acts: Vessels. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Cha
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 221

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the manufacture of wooden articles, such as spoons, bowls, fighting sticks, pipes (since the introduction of tobacco), rests for the head when sleeping, etc., they display great skill and no little taste.

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**Who acts:** Vessels · **What happens:** fight, rest, sleep, display, manufacture, introduce · **To what, where:** manufacture, great skill, wooden articles, tobacco

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vessels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:221
# text = In the manufacture of wooden articles, such as spoons, bowls, fighting sticks, pipes (since the introduction of tobacco), rests for the head when sleeping, etc., they display great skill and no little taste.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	manufacture	manufacture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	articles	article	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	spoons	spoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	bowls	bowl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	amod	_	_
15	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	since	since	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	introduction	introduction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	tobacco	tobacco	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
26	rests	rest	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	31	advmod	_	_
31	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	etc.	etc.	NOUN	FW	Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	display	display	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
37	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
40	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	42	det	_	_
41	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **rest** | present |  |  |  | the manufacture of wooden articles and spoons and bowls and fighting sticks and pipes |  | for the head | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in manufacture=Location |
| 3 | **sleep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | etc. *conj* | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **display** | present | Vessels *= vessel* | great skill and no little taste |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skill=Theme |
| 5 | **manufacture** |  |  | wooden articles and spoons and bowls and fighting sticks and pipes |  |  |  |  | nom manufacture «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 6 | **introduce** |  |  | tobacco |  |  |  |  | nom introduction «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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