---
title: The less powerful chief of the two would naturally desire to reside… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: The less powerful chief of the two would naturally desire to reside at a considerable distance from his competitor, and thus a new tract of country would be taken possession of. Who acts: powerful chief. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaff
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 45

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The less powerful chief of the two would naturally desire to reside at a considerable distance from his competitor, and thus a new tract of country would be taken possession of.

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**Who acts:** powerful chief · **What happens:** desire, reside, take · **To what, where:** new tract

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (powerful chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:45
# text = The less powerful chief of the two would naturally desire to reside at a considerable distance from his competitor, and thus a new tract of country would be taken possession of.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
3	powerful	powerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	naturally	naturally	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	desire	desire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	reside	reside	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	considerable	considerable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	competitor	competitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
22	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	tract	tract	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
31	possession	possession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **desire** | would | the powerful chief of the two |  |  |  |  | naturally *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **reside** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the powerful chief of the two *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at a considerable distance from country's competitor | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at distance=Location |
| 3 | **take** | would · passive |  | a new tract of country |  |  |  | possession *obl*; thus *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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