---
title: His skull is shaped like that of a European; but here the resemblanc… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: His skull is shaped like that of a European; but here the resemblance ends, for his colour is a deep brown, and his hair is short and woolly. Who acts: colour, hair. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 50

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His skull is shaped like that of a European; but here the resemblance ends, for his colour is a deep brown, and his hair is short and woolly.

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**Who acts:** colour, hair · **What happens:** shape, be · **To what, where:** skull

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (colour, hair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:50
# text = His skull is shaped like that of a European; but here the resemblance ends, for his colour is a deep brown, and his hair is short and woolly.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	skull	skull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	resemblance	resemblance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	brown	brown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
29	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	woolly	woolly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | present · passive |  | Kaffir's skull |  |  |  | like that of a European | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | Kaffir's colour |  |  |  |  | for a deep brown | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | Kaffir's hair |  |  |  |  | short *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | Kaffir's hair *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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