---
title: Their habitations consist of hemispherical huts formed of strong wic… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Their habitations consist of hemispherical huts formed of strong wickerwork frames thatched with reeds or grass; they are proof against rain or wind. Who acts: habitations, women. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., with its dependenc
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 91

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Their habitations consist of hemispherical huts formed of strong wickerwork frames thatched with reeds or grass; they are proof against rain or wind.

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**Who acts:** habitations, women · **What happens:** consist, form, thatch, be · **To what, where:** strong wickerwork frames

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (habitations, women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:91
# text = Their habitations consist of hemispherical huts formed of strong wickerwork frames thatched with reeds or grass; they are proof against rain or wind.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	habitations	habitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	consist	consist	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	hemispherical	hemispherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	huts	hut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
7	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	wickerwork	wickerwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	frames	frame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	thatched	thatch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	reeds	reed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	proof	proof	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
21	against	against	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consist** | present | women's habitations |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **form** | past | women's habitations *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of hemispherical huts; of strong wickerwork frames | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **thatch** | participle |  | strong wickerwork frames *not said here* |  |  |  | with reeds or grass | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with reed=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | present | women *= woman* |  |  |  |  | against rain or wind; proof *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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