---
title: The villages are usually in situations which command a good view of… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: The villages are usually in situations which command a good view of the surrounding country. Who acts: villages, situations. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 94

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The villages are usually in situations which command a good view of the surrounding country.

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**Who acts:** villages, situations · **What happens:** be, command, view · **To what, where:** situations, good view, surrounding country · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (villages, situations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:94
# text = The villages are usually in situations which command a good view of the surrounding country.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	situations	situation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	command	command	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	surrounding	surrounding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the villages |  |  | situations |  | usually *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **command** | present | situations | a good view of the surrounding country |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent view=Eventuality |
| 3 | **view** |  |  | the surrounding country |  |  |  |  | nom view «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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