---
title: Their weapons of offence are wooden clubs with heavy heads, and assa… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Their weapons of offence are wooden clubs with heavy heads, and assagais or javelins. Who acts: weapons. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/96/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kaffir folk-lore](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/) / [Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaf…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/) / 96

# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 96

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their weapons of offence are wooden clubs with heavy heads, and assagais or javelins.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** weapons · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** wooden clubs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (weapons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:96
# text = Their weapons of offence are wooden clubs with heavy heads, and assagais or javelins.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	offence	offence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	clubs	club	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	assagais	assagai	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	parataxis	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	javelins	javelin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Europeans's weapons of offence | wooden clubs |  |  |  | with heavy heads; assagais or javelins *parataxis* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 95](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/95/)
- next →: [sentence 97](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/97/)
- ↑ back to [Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/)