---
title: Poising this first in his uplifted hand and imparting to it a quiver… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Poising this first in his uplifted hand and imparting to it a quivering motion, the Kaffir hurls it forth with great force and accuracy of aim. Who acts: Kaffir. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 98

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Poising this first in his uplifted hand and imparting to it a quivering motion, the Kaffir hurls it forth with great force and accuracy of aim.

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**Who acts:** Kaffir · **What happens:** poise, uplift, impart, quiver, hurl · **To what, where:** uplifted hand, quivering motion, hand, motion

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kaffir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:2:98
# text = Poising this first in his uplifted hand and imparting to it a quivering motion, the Kaffir hurls it forth with great force and accuracy of aim.
1	Poising	poise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	csubj	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	nsubj	_	_
3	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	1	ccomp	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	uplifted	uplift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	imparting	impart	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	quivering	quiver	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	amod	_	_
14	motion	motion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Kaffir	Kaffir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	hurls	hurl	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	aim	aim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **poise** | gerund |  |  |  | offence's uplifted hand |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **uplift** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **impart** | gerund |  | a quivering motion | hand |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **quiver** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **hurl** | present | the Kaffir | motion |  |  |  | with great force and accuracy of aim; forth *property* | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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