---
title: One day, these twins asked their mother to make bows and arrows for… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: One day, these twins asked their mother to make bows and arrows for them. Who acts: twins. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Glutton., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Glutton., sentence 35

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One day, these twins asked their mother to make bows and arrows for them.

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**Who acts:** twins · **What happens:** ask, make · **To what, where:** mother, bows

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Glutton.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (twins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:22:35
# text = One day, these twins asked their mother to make bows and arrows for them.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	twins	twin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
11	bows	bow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | this twins |  | twins's mother |  | day |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent mother=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | this twins *not said here* | bows and arrows |  |  |  | for twins *= twin* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent bow=Product for they=Asset |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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