---
title: The place where they lived was close to a path, along which droves o… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: The place where they lived was close to a path, along which droves of wild animals were accustomed to pass. Who acts: children, place. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Great Chief of the Animals., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Great Chief of the Animals., sentence 2

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The place where they lived was close to a path, along which droves of wild animals were accustomed to pass.

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**Who acts:** children, place · **What happens:** live, be, accustom, pass · **To what, where:** droves

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Great Chief of the Animals.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, place), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:23:2
# text = The place where they lived was close to a path, along which droves of wild animals were accustomed to pass.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	5	advmod	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
12	along	along	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obl	_	_
14	droves	drove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
18	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	accustomed	accustom	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the place |  |  |  |  | to a path; close *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **accustom** | past · passive |  | droves of wild animals |  |  |  | which *obl* | tree rules |
| 4 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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