---
title: Among the animals was one terrible monster, which called to the hare… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Among the animals was one terrible monster, which called to the hare, and demanded to know what children those were. Who acts: one terrible monster, children. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Great Chief of the Animals., with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Great Chief of the Animals., sentence 5

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Among the animals was one terrible monster, which called to the hare, and demanded to know what children those were.

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**Who acts:** one terrible monster, children · **What happens:** be, call, demand, know · **To what, where:** one terrible monster, hare · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Great Chief of the Animals.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one terrible monster, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:23:5
# text = Among the animals was one terrible monster, which called to the hare, and demanded to know what children those were.
1	Among	among	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	monster	monster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	demanded	demand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	22	obj	_	_
20	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
21	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
22	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | one terrible monster |  |  |  | among the animals | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | past | one terrible monster |  | the hare |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to hare=Recipient |
| 3 | **demand** *speech: request* | past | one terrible monster *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition |
| 4 | **know** | to-infinitive | one terrible monster *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 5 | **be** | past | that children |  |  |  |  | what *obj* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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