--- title: This awakened the bushman who had advised that he should be killed;… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics description: This awakened the bushman who had advised that he should be killed; he now sprang to his feet and escaped, calling out as he ran with the speed of the wind: “I said this Guluwe of the Khakhabays should be destroyed; you who are dead have perished through not following my advice.” Who acts: This, Gul --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/217/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kaffir folk-lore](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/) / [Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/) / 217 # Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 217 This awakened the bushman who had advised that he should be killed; he now sprang to his feet and escaped, calling out as he ran with the speed of the wind: “I said this Guluwe of the Khakhabays should be destroyed; you who are dead have perished through not following my advice.” **Who acts:** This, Guluwe · **What happens:** awaken, advise, kill, spring, escape, call out · **To what, where:** bushman, Guluwe, feet, you, advice · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, Guluwe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg71335:26:217 # text = This awakened the bushman who had advised that he should be killed; he now sprang to his feet and escaped, calling out as he ran with the speed of the wind: “I said this Guluwe of the Khakhabays should be destroyed; you who are dead have perished through not following my advice.” 1 This this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 nsubj _ _ 2 awakened awaken VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 bushman bushman NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 6 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 advised advise VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl:relcl _ _ 8 that that SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 9 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 10 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 11 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 killed kill VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 15 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 16 advmod _ _ 16 sprang spring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 escaped escape VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 calling call VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 21 advcl _ _ 24 out out ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 25 as as SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 advcl _ _ 28 with with ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 speed speed NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 34 : : PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 35 “ " PUNCT `` _ 37 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 37 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 38 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 39 det _ _ 39 Guluwe Guluwe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 nsubj:pass _ _ 40 of of ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 Khakhabays Khakhabay PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 39 nmod _ _ 43 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 45 aux _ _ 44 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 45 aux:pass _ _ 45 destroyed destroy VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 37 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 46 ; ; PUNCT : _ 52 punct _ _ 47 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj:pass _ _ 48 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 50 nsubj _ _ 49 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 50 cop _ _ 50 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 acl:relcl _ _ 51 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 aux _ _ 52 perished perish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ _ 53 through through ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 55 advmod _ _ 55 following follow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 52 obl _ _ 56 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 57 nmod:poss _ _ 57 advice advice NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 58 . . PUNCT . _ 52 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 59 ” " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **awaken** | past | This | the bushman | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **advise** *speech: other* | past · perfect · passive | | the bushman | | | | | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient that S»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **kill** | should · passive | | Guluwe | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **spring** | past | Guluwe | | | Guluwe's feet | now | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to foot=Destination | | 5 | **escape** | past | Guluwe *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **call out** *speech: assert* | gerund | Guluwe *not said here* | | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **run** | past | Guluwe | | | | | with the speed of the wind | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with speed=Material | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Guluwe | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 9 | **destroy** *in a quote* | should · passive | | this Guluwe of the Khakhabays | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 10 | **is** *in a quote* | present | | | | | | who *nsubj*; dead *property* | tree rules | | 11 | **perish** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive | | you | | | | | tree rules | | 12 | **not** **follow** *in a quote* | gerund | | my advice | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 216](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/216/) - next →: [sentence 218](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/218/) - ↑ back to [Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/)