---
title: A person who will not take advice gets knowledge when trouble overta… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: A person who will not take advice gets knowledge when trouble overtakes him. Who acts: person, trouble. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 55

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A person who will not take advice gets knowledge when trouble overtakes him.

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**Who acts:** person, trouble · **What happens:** not take, get, overtake · **To what, where:** advice, knowledge, person

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person, trouble), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:26:55
# text = A person who will not take advice gets knowledge when trouble overtakes him.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
4	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
11	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	overtakes	overtake	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **take** | future | a person | advice |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | present | a person | knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer knowledge=Stimulus |
| 3 | **overtake** | present | trouble | person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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