---
title: The uncivilized Kaffirs, even at the present day, do not doubt the e… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: The uncivilized Kaffirs, even at the present day, do not doubt the existence of such a being. Who acts: uncivilized Kaffirs. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 61

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The uncivilized Kaffirs, even at the present day, do not doubt the existence of such a being.

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**Who acts:** uncivilized Kaffirs · **What happens:** not doubt · **To what, where:** existence

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (uncivilized Kaffirs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:26:61
# text = The uncivilized Kaffirs, even at the present day, do not doubt the existence of such a being.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	uncivilized	uncivilized	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Kaffirs	kaffir	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	even	even	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
11	do	do	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	doubt	doubt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	18	det:predet	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	nmod	_	_
19	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **doubt** | infinitive · do-support | the uncivilized Kaffirs at the present day | the existence of a |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent existence=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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