---
title: They then tied him up in a bundle, fastened him to the back of the w… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: They then tied him up in a bundle, fastened him to the back of the woman, and sent her away to wander wherever she liked. Who acts: neighbours, Mambalwini. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 66

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They then tied him up in a bundle, fastened him to the back of the woman, and sent her away to wander wherever she liked.

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**Who acts:** neighbours, Mambalwini · **What happens:** tie up, fasten, send away, wander, like · **To what, where:** man, bundle, Mambalwini

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (neighbours, Mambalwini), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:26:66
# text = They then tied him up in a bundle, fastened him to the back of the woman, and sent her away to wander wherever she liked.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	tied	tie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bundle	bundle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	away	away	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	wander	wander	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
25	wherever	wherever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	27	advmod	_	_
26	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	liked	like	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie up** | past | neighbours *= neighbour* | man |  | a bundle | then |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 2 | **fasten** | past | neighbours *= neighbour* *not said here* | man |  |  |  | to the back of the woman | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Patient to back=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **send away** | past | neighbours *= neighbour* *not said here* | Mambalwini |  |  |  | away *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |
| 4 | **wander** | to-infinitive | neighbours *= neighbour* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **like** | past | Mambalwini |  |  |  |  | wherever *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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