---
title: (d) Kaffir law recognises the right of individuals to possess landed… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: (d) Kaffir law recognises the right of individuals to possess landed property. Who acts: d Kaffir law. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Bird That Made Milk., sentence 12

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(d) Kaffir law recognises the right of individuals to possess landed property.

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**Who acts:** d Kaffir law · **What happens:** recognise, possess, land · **To what, where:** right, landed property

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (d Kaffir law), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:27:12
# text = (d) Kaffir law recognises the right of individuals to possess landed property.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	d	D	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Kaffir	Kaffir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	recognises	recognise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	individuals	individual	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	possess	possess	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
13	landed	land	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	property	property	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recognise** | present | d Kaffir law | the right of individuals |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer right=Stimulus |
| 2 | **possess** | to-infinitive | d Kaffir law *not said here* | landed property |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot property=Theme |
| 3 | **land** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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