---
title: When taken from the cow, the milk is put into a skin bag, where it f… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: When taken from the cow, the milk is put into a skin bag, where it ferments and acquires a sharp acid taste. Who acts: milk. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Bird That Made Milk., sentence 2

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When taken from the cow, the milk is put into a skin bag, where it ferments and acquires a sharp acid taste.

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**Who acts:** milk · **What happens:** take, put, ferment, acquire · **To what, where:** milk, skin bag, sharp acid taste

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (milk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:27:2
# text = When taken from the cow, the milk is put into a skin bag, where it ferments and acquires a sharp acid taste.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	18	advmod	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	ferments	ferment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	acquires	acquire	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	acid	acid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | from the cow | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent from cow=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **put** | present · passive |  | the milk |  | a skin bag and ferments |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |
| 3 | **ferment** |  | milk |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **acquire** | present |  | a sharp acid taste |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset taste=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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