---
title: (l) Boys “enter manhood,” or acquire the privileges of men, by a cer… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: (l) Boys “enter manhood,” or acquire the privileges of men, by a ceremony similar to the ntonjane. Who acts: l. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Bird That Made Milk., sentence 34

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(l) Boys “enter manhood,” or acquire the privileges of men, by a ceremony similar to the ntonjane.

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**Who acts:** l · **What happens:** enter, acquire · **To what, where:** manhood, privileges

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (l), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:27:34
# text = (l) Boys “enter manhood,” or acquire the privileges of men, by a ceremony similar to the ntonjane.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	l	l	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Boys	Boy	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	enter	enter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	manhood	manhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	acquire	acquire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	privileges	privilege	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
20	similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	ntonjane	ntonjane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enter** *in a quote* | infinitive | l | manhood |  |  |  | Boys *nsubj* | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme manhood=Destination |
| 2 | **acquire** | infinitive | l *not said here* | the privileges of men |  |  |  | by a ceremony | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset privilege=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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