---
title: It protects her from gross ill-treatment by her husband, as violence… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: It protects her from gross ill-treatment by her husband, as violence gives a woman’s relatives a right to claim her divorce without restoring the cattle. Who acts: system, violence, transfer. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads., with its dependency tree 
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 14

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It protects her from gross ill-treatment by her husband, as violence gives a woman’s relatives a right to claim her divorce without restoring the cattle.

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**Who acts:** system, violence, transfer · **What happens:** protect, give, claim, restore, divorce · **To what, where:** transfer, relatives, divorce, cattle

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (system, violence, transfer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:28:14
# text = It protects her from gross ill-treatment by her husband, as violence gives a woman’s relatives a right to claim her divorce without restoring the cattle.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	gross	gross	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	’s	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	relatives	relative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	claim	claim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	acl	_	_
24	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	divorce	divorce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
27	restoring	restore	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	advcl	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | system |  | transfer |  |  | by transfer's husband; from gross ill treatment | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary from treatment=Theme |
| 2 | **give** | present | violence | a woman's relatives |  |  |  | a right *obj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent relative=Recipient right=Theme |
| 3 | **claim** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | violence *not said here* | transfer's divorce |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent divorce=Topic |
| 4 | **restore** | gerund | violence *not said here* | the cattle |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme |
| 5 | **divorce** |  | transfer |  |  |  |  |  | nom divorce «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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