--- title: The whole of the ceremonies are included in the term umdudo, a word… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics description: The whole of the ceremonies are included in the term umdudo, a word derived from the verb ukududa, which means to dance by springing up and down, as ukuxentsa means to dance by moving the upper part of the body. Who acts: word, ukuxentsa. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kaffir folk-lore](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/) / [The Story of Five Heads.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/) / 2 # Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 2 The whole of the ceremonies are included in the term umdudo, a word derived from the verb ukududa, which means to dance by springing up and down, as ukuxentsa means to dance by moving the upper part of the body. **Who acts:** word, ukuxentsa · **What happens:** include, derive, mean, dance, spring up, move · **To what, where:** term umdudo, word, verb ukududa, upper part This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (word, ukuxentsa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg71335:28:2 # text = The whole of the ceremonies are included in the term umdudo, a word derived from the verb ukududa, which means to dance by springing up and down, as ukuxentsa means to dance by moving the upper part of the body. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 advcl _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 ceremonies ceremony NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 6 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 included include VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 term term NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 umdudo umdudo NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 appos _ _ 15 derived derive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 acl _ _ 16 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 verb verb NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 ukududa ukududa NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 22 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 parataxis _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 dance dance VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp _ _ 25 by by SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 26 springing spring VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 advcl _ _ 27 up up ADP RP _ 26 compound:prt _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 down down ADV RB _ 26 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 as as SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 32 ukuxentsa ukuxentsa NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 33 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 dance dance VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 xcomp _ _ 36 by by SCONJ IN _ 37 mark _ _ 37 moving move VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 35 advcl _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 upper upper ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **include** | present · passive | | | | | | in the term umdudo *goal* | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: in umdudo=Goal | | 2 | **derive** | participle | | a word *not said here* | | the verb ukududa | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from ukududa=Material | | 3 | **mean** | present | a word | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **dance** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a word *not said here* | | | | | | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **spring up** | gerund | a word *not said here* | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **mean** | present | ukuxentsa | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **dance** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | ukuxentsa *not said here* | | | | | | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **move** | gerund | ukuxentsa *not said here* | the upper part of the body | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent part=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/1/) - next →: [sentence 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/3/) - ↑ back to [The Story of Five Heads.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/)