---
title: This is the last of the ceremonies, and the guests immediately begin… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: This is the last of the ceremonies, and the guests immediately begin to disperse, each man taking home the milk-sack which he had brought with him. Who acts: This, guests, man. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads., with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 52

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This is the last of the ceremonies, and the guests immediately begin to disperse, each man taking home the milk-sack which he had brought with him.

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**Who acts:** This, guests, man · **What happens:** be, begin, disperse, take, bring · **To what, where:** milk sack

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, guests, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:28:52
# text = This is the last of the ceremonies, and the guests immediately begin to disperse, each man taking home the milk-sack which he had brought with him.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ceremonies	ceremony	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
12	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	begin	begin	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	disperse	disperse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
20	home	home	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	sack	sack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl:relcl	_	_
29	with	with	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | This |  |  |  |  | of the ceremonies; last *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **begin** | present | the guests |  |  |  |  | immediately *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **disperse** | to-infinitive | the guests *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **take** | gerund | each man | the milk sack |  |  |  | home *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sack=Theme |
| 5 | **bring** | past · perfect · passive |  | the milk sack |  |  |  | with hand | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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