---
title: She denied most emphatically having been concerned in the death of t… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: She denied most emphatically having been concerned in the death of the child, though she did not doubt that some one had caused it by means of witchcraft. Who acts: woman, one, child. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Tangalimlibo., with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Tangalimlibo., sentence 74

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She denied most emphatically having been concerned in the death of the child, though she did not doubt that some one had caused it by means of witchcraft.

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**Who acts:** woman, one, child · **What happens:** deny, have, concern, not doubt, cause, mean · **To what, where:** death

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Tangalimlibo.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, one, child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:29:74
# text = She denied most emphatically having been concerned in the death of the child, though she did not doubt that some one had caused it by means of witchcraft.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	denied	deny	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	4	advmod	_	_
4	emphatically	emphatically	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	concerned	concern	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	xcomp	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	doubt	doubt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	det	_	_
22	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
23	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	27	nsubj	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	obl	_	_
27	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	ccomp	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	witchcraft	witchcraft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deny** | past | woman |  |  |  |  | emphatically *property* | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | woman *not said here* |  |  | the death of the child |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **concern** | participle · passive | woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |
| 4 | **not** **doubt** | past · do-support | woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **cause** | past · perfect | some one | death |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient |
| 6 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of witchcraft | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **die** |  | the child |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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