---
title: The first party that arrives halts in front of the cattle kraal, whe… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: The first party that arrives halts in front of the cattle kraal, where it is joined by those that come after. Who acts: first party, those. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 9

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The first party that arrives halts in front of the cattle kraal, where it is joined by those that come after.

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**Who acts:** first party, those · **What happens:** arrive, join, come · **To what, where:** halts, front, kraal, first party

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first party, those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:30:9
# text = The first party that arrives halts in front of the cattle kraal, where it is joined by those that come after.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	arrives	arrive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	halts	halt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	kraal	kraal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	17	obl	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	after	after	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | present | the first party | halts |  | front of the cattle kraal |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **join** | present · passive | those | kraal |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 3 | **come** | present |  |  |  |  |  | after *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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