---
title: These dances differ one from another almost as much as those practis… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: These dances differ one from another almost as much as those practised by Europeans. Who acts: dances. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 34

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These dances differ one from another almost as much as those practised by Europeans.

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**Who acts:** dances · **What happens:** differ, practise · **To what, where:** one, another

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dances), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:32:34
# text = These dances differ one from another almost as much as those practised by Europeans.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	dances	dance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	differ	differ	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	nmod	_	_
7	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	as	as	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	obl	_	_
12	practised	practise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Europeans	European	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **differ** | present | this dances | one |  | another |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **practise** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by Europeans | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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