---
title: When there are many players, one after another is beaten until two o… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: When there are many players, one after another is beaten until two only are left. Who acts: many players. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 44

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When there are many players, one after another is beaten until two only are left.

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**Who acts:** many players · **What happens:** be, beat, leave · **To what, where:** another, two

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many players), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:32:44
# text = When there are many players, one after another is beaten until two only are left.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	3	mark	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	appos	_	_
8	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
12	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	only	only	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | many players |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **beat** | present · passive |  | another |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | present · passive |  | two |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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