---
title: There is a kind of superstition connected with the nodiwu, that play… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: There is a kind of superstition connected with the nodiwu, that playing with it invites a gale of wind. Who acts: kind, playing. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 66

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There is a kind of superstition connected with the nodiwu, that playing with it invites a gale of wind.

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**Who acts:** kind, playing · **What happens:** be, connect, play, invite · **To what, where:** superstition, gale

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kind, playing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:32:66
# text = There is a kind of superstition connected with the nodiwu, that playing with it invites a gale of wind.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	superstition	superstition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	connected	connect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	nodiwu	nodiwu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	playing	play	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	csubj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	invites	invite	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	gale	gale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a kind of superstition |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **connect** | participle |  | superstition *not said here* |  |  |  | with the nodiwu | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with nodiwu=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **play** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with nodiwu | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with it=Theme |
| 4 | **invite** | present | playing | a gale of wind |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gale=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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