---
title: Among the natives of South Africa relationship is viewed differently… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Among the natives of South Africa relationship is viewed differently from what it is by Europeans. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Demane and Demazana., sentence 1

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Among the natives of South Africa relationship is viewed differently from what it is by Europeans.

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**What happens:** view, be · **To what, where:** relationship

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:34:1
# text = Among the natives of South Africa relationship is viewed differently from what it is by Europeans.
1	Among	among	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	natives	native	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	viewed	view	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	differently	differently	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	parataxis	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	expl	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Europeans	European	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **view** | present · passive |  | relationship |  |  |  | among the natives of South Africa; what *parataxis*; differently *property* | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | by Europeans | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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