--- title: But there are three different words for father, according as a perso… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics description: But there are three different words for father, according as a person is speaking of his own father or uncle, of the father or uncle of the person he is speaking to, or of the father or uncle of the person he is speaking of. Who acts: three different words, according, person. A sentence of «Kaffir f --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/34/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kaffir folk-lore](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/) / [The Story of Demane and Demazana.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/34/) / 8 # Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Demane and Demazana., sentence 8 But there are three different words for father, according as a person is speaking of his own father or uncle, of the father or uncle of the person he is speaking to, or of the father or uncle of the person he is speaking of. **Who acts:** three different words, according, person · **What happens:** be, accord, speak · **To what, where:** person · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (three different words, according, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg71335:34:8 # text = But there are three different words for father, according as a person is speaking of his own father or uncle, of the father or uncle of the person he is speaking to, or of the father or uncle of the person he is speaking of. 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 3 expl _ _ 3 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 5 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 7 for for ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 10 according accord VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 csubj _ _ 11 as as ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 speaking speak VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 appos _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 18 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 or or CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 uncle uncle NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 26 or or CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 uncle uncle NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 31 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 32 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 speaking speak VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 acl:relcl _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 33 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 36 or or CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 conj _ _ 40 or or CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 41 uncle uncle NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 conj _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod _ _ 45 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 46 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 47 speaking speak VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 44 acl:relcl _ _ 48 of of ADP IN _ 47 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **does** | present | three different words for father | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **accord** | gerund | | | | | | as a person | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · progressive | according | | | | | of person's own father or uncle; the father of the person or uncle *conj* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · progressive | person | the person *not said here* | | | | the father of the person or uncle *conj* | tree rules | | 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · progressive | person | the person *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/34/7/) - next →: [sentence 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/34/9/) - ↑ back to [The Story of Demane and Demazana.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/34/)