---
title: It said: “Masilo’s cultivated ground, mix together.” — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: It said: “Masilo’s cultivated ground, mix together.” Who acts: famine, Masilo ’s. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II., sentence 28

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It said: “Masilo’s cultivated ground, mix together.”

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**Who acts:** famine, Masilo ’s · **What happens:** say, cultivate, mix · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (famine, Masilo ’s), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:4:28
# text = It said: “Masilo’s cultivated ground, mix together.”
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Masilo	Masilo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	’s	'	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
7	cultivated	cultivate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	mix	mix	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | famine |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cultivate** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mix** *in a quote* | infinitive | Masilo ’s and cultivated ground |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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