---
title: When evening set in, the children determined to return to their home… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: When evening set in, the children determined to return to their home, but there came a storm of rain with heavy thunder, and they were very much afraid. Who acts: storm, children, rain. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II., with its depen
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II., sentence 70

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When evening set in, the children determined to return to their home, but there came a storm of rain with heavy thunder, and they were very much afraid.

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**Who acts:** storm, children, rain · **What happens:** set in, determine, return, come, be, storm · **To what, where:** children

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (storm, children, rain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:4:70
# text = When evening set in, the children determined to return to their home, but there came a storm of rain with heavy thunder, and they were very much afraid.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	determined	determine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	17	expl	_	_
17	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
27	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
28	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
29	very	very	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	much	much	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set in** | participle |  | the children |  |  | evening |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **determine** | participle |  | the children *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **return** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to children's home *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to home=Result |
| 4 | **come** | past | a storm of rain with heavy thunder |  |  | there |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | past | children *= child* |  |  |  |  | afraid *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **storm** |  | rain with heavy thunder |  |  |  |  |  | nom storm «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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