---
title: The companions of the chief’s daughter, one after the other, asked t… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: The companions of the chief’s daughter, one after the other, asked the snake for their mantles in this manner, and obtained permission to take them. Who acts: companions. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., with its depe
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 10

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The companions of the chief’s daughter, one after the other, asked the snake for their mantles in this manner, and obtained permission to take them.

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**Who acts:** companions · **What happens:** ask, obtain, take · **To what, where:** snake, permission, companions

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:7:10
# text = The companions of the chief’s daughter, one after the other, asked the snake for their mantles in this manner, and obtained permission to take them.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	’s	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	conj	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
14	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	mantles	mantle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	det	_	_
22	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	obtained	obtain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
26	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	advcl	_	_
29	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the companions of the chief's daughter |  | the snake |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent snake=Recipient |
| 2 | **obtain** | past | the companions of the chief's daughter *not said here* | permission |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset permission=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive | the companions of the chief's daughter *not said here* | companions *= companion* |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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