---
title: One day her companions persuaded her to go and bathe in a stream nea… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: One day her companions persuaded her to go and bathe in a stream near at hand, though this was against the custom of the ntonjane. Who acts: companions, daughter, this. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., with its depend
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 3

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One day her companions persuaded her to go and bathe in a stream near at hand, though this was against the custom of the ntonjane.

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**Who acts:** companions, daughter, this · **What happens:** persuade, go, bathe, be · **To what, where:** daughter

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions, daughter, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:7:3
# text = One day her companions persuaded her to go and bathe in a stream near at hand, though this was against the custom of the ntonjane.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	persuaded	persuade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	bathe	bathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	near	near	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
19	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	against	against	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	custom	custom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	ntonjane	ntonjane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **persuade** | past | daughter's companions | daughter |  |  | day |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent she=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **go** | to-infinitive | daughter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **bathe** | infinitive | daughter *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in a stream near hand | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in stream=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | this |  |  |  |  | against the custom; of the ntonjane | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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