---
title: Then his legs and arms shrunk up, and his sister went away. — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Then his legs and arms shrunk up, and his sister went away. Who acts: legs, sister. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., sentence 30

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Then his legs and arms shrunk up, and his sister went away.

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**Who acts:** legs, sister · **What happens:** shrink up, go away

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (legs, sister), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:8:30
# text = Then his legs and arms shrunk up, and his sister went away.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	shrunk	shrink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrink up** | participle | Simbukumbukwana's legs and arms |  |  |  | then |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **go away** | past | Simbukumbukwana's sister |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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