---
title: She said: “Your wife will have a son who will have no arms and no le… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: She said: “Your wife will have a son who will have no arms and no legs, as this calf has no horns and no tail.” Who acts: tail, wife, son, calf. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., sentence 5

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She said: “Your wife will have a son who will have no arms and no legs, as this calf has no horns and no tail.”

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**Who acts:** tail, wife, son, calf · **What happens:** say, have · **To what, where:** son, arms, horns · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tail, wife, son, calf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:8:5
# text = She said: “Your wife will have a son who will have no arms and no legs, as this calf has no horns and no tail.”
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
4	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	18	det	_	_
18	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	det	_	_
22	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
24	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	25	det	_	_
25	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	28	det	_	_
28	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | tail |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | future | Your wife | a son |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 3 | **have** *in a quote* | future | a son | no arms and no legs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient |
| 4 | **have** *in a quote* | present | this calf | no horns and no tail |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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