---
title: After that there was a heavy storm of rain, but none fell where the… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: After that there was a heavy storm of rain, but none fell where the little boy was. Who acts: that, none, little boy. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., sentence 60

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After that there was a heavy storm of rain, but none fell where the little boy was.

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**Who acts:** that, none, little boy · **What happens:** be, fall · **To what, where:** heavy storm

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, none, little boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:8:60
# text = After that there was a heavy storm of rain, but none fell where the little boy was.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	13	nsubj	_	_
13	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | that  there | a heavy storm |  |  |  | of rain | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall** | past | none |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the little boy |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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