---
title: You must not sleep to-night; you must watch them, and to-morrow I wi… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: You must not sleep to-night; you must watch them, and to-morrow I will choose seven boys to catch them. Who acts: You, I. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 13

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You must not sleep to-night; you must watch them, and to-morrow I will choose seven boys to catch them.

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**Who acts:** You, I · **What happens:** not sleep, watch, choose, catch · **To what, where:** birds, seven boys

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:9:13
# text = You must not sleep to-night; you must watch them, and to-morrow I will choose seven boys to catch them.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	morrow	morrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
21	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sleep** | must | You |  |  |  | night |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **watch** | must | you | birds *= bird* |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **choose** | future | I | seven boys |  |  |  | to morrow | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Theme |
| 4 | **catch** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | birds *= bird* |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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