---
title: Then they made a plan that one should remain awake, and if anything… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Then they made a plan that one should remain awake, and if anything happened, he should pinch the one next him, and that one should pinch the next, till all were awake. Who acts: boys, plan, anything, thing. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume., with its de
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 36

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Then they made a plan that one should remain awake, and if anything happened, he should pinch the one next him, and that one should pinch the next, till all were awake.

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**Who acts:** boys, plan, anything, thing, one, all · **What happens:** make, remain, happen, pinch, be · **To what, where:** plan, one, next

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boys, plan, anything, thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:9:36
# text = Then they made a plan that one should remain awake, and if anything happened, he should pinch the one next him, and that one should pinch the next, till all were awake.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	awake	awake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
13	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	nsubj	_	_
15	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	pinch	pinch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	next	next	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
27	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
28	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	pinch	pinch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
34	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	36	nsubj	_	_
35	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
36	awake	awake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | boys *= boy* | a plan |  |  | then |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plan=Product |
| 2 | **remain** | should | a plan |  |  |  |  | one *nsubj*; awake *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **happen** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | anything |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **pinch** | should | thing | the one |  |  |  | next chief | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |
| 5 | **pinch** | should | that one | the next |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent next=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | past | all |  |  |  |  | awake *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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